Test Papers – ICSE – Class – X
MBA Entrance Quantitative Aptitude, Speed Time Distance, Module 1
Hi, in this session we will be doing the concept of Proportionality of Speed and also Average
Speed. What really is speed, well, a vehicle which covers a certain distance in certain
amount of time, well, it would have covered this distance in some time, it would have
travelled in some speed. So speed is nothing but distance upon time. As you would have
seen from the formation, speed and distance would be directly proportionate, which means
at a higher speed you are expected to cover longer distance in the same amount of time,
right. On the other hand, speed and time as you can see are inversely proportionate, which
means to cover the same distance you will take less time at a higher speed. Well, that is the
proportionality of speed, time and distance. What that means is, if the speed changes in the
ratio a is to b, then the time taken to cover the same distance, since time and speed are
inversely proportionate, time taken would be in the ratio b is to a, while the distance
covered in the same amount of time, remember distance and speed were directly
proportionate, so distance covered would be in the same ratio which is a is to b.
Let us now look at some of the conversions.
How do you convert speeds from meter per second to kilo meters per hour. So one kilo
meter per hour is nothing but 5 by 18 meters per second. Which means if I have to convert
any value of speed from kilometre per hour to meters per second, I multiple 5 by 18. One
meter per second on the other hand would be 18 by 5 kilo meter per hour. It is the reverse,
Any idea what is 1 mile, well 1 mile is 1.6 kilo meters so 1 mile per hour would be nothing
but 1.6 kilo meter per hour. Now that is as far as the proportionality of Speed, Time and
Distance is concerned.
Let’s look at the next topic which is Concept of Average Speed. Now when do we use this
concept of average speed. When a vehicle is covering different speeds for different amount
of time or different distances at different speeds, for example, when different parts of the
journey is covered at different speeds, concept of Average Speed comes into play. So let’s
look into this particular train.
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
MBA Entrance Quantitative Aptitude, Applications of Ratio and Proportion, Module 1
Hello everyone, today we are going to start with the session called Partnership and
Mixtures. Both of these topics are Applications of Ratio and Proportion.
So, let’s first begin with Partnership and considering A, B and C, starts a business with an
investment of 16 lakhs, 12 lakhs and 20 lakhs respectively and the time period of the
investment is 12 months, 8 months and 6 months respectively. Now at the end of the year
the profits or loss ratio is all dependent on the types of partnership. If it is a case of simple
partnership then we consider only investment ratio as a ratio of profit or loss, that is ratio of
16 is to 12 is to 20 that is 4 is to 3 is to 5. Whereas on the other hand, if it is a case of
compound partnership, we do give importance to time period and hence the ratio of profit
or loss is the ratio of investment into time period, that is 16 into 12 is to 12 into 8 is to 20
into 6, which can be further simplified as 192 is to 96 is to 120, which can be further
simplified as 8 is to 4 is to 5. Now, what is our recommendation? Instead of taking product
and then simplifying, can you first cancel the factors and then multiply. Let’s see how, what I
can do is, I can find common factor from each of these three terms. The first common factor
4 into 4, 4 x 4 = 16, 4 x 3 = 12, 4 x 5= 20 and next is 2 x 6 = 12, 2 x 4 = 8 and 2 x 3 = 6 and
finally I can say, 3 x 2, 3 x 1, 3 x 1, so finally we are left out with the term 4 into 2 = 8 is to 1
into 4 = 4 is to 5 into 1 = 5. So, that’s the ratio of profit or loss that is 8 is to 4 is to 5.
Now, while dealing with the questions of partnerships, you need to remember two points.
The first point is, if nothing is mentioned about the type of partnership then you need to
assume it to be compound partnership. And sometimes, salary is a part of distribution, so
what you need to do is, you need to remove the salary first than distribute the profit. That is,
it says, in case an employee or one of the partners need to be given a salary then first
deduct that from the profit and then divide the profit in the given ratio.
Next is, mixtures. To understand this topic mixtures, what I will do is, I will consider one
example. It says that, a vessel contains milk and water in the ratio 3 is to 5. When 6 litres of
water is added to this solution, the ratio of milk and water becomes 5 is to 9. The question
is, how many litres of the solution was present in the vessel originally? The situation is, let’s
understand.
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
MBA Entrance Quantitative Aptitude, Introduction to Ratio Proportion, Module 2
Hello everyone, let’s start with the next session of ratio and proportion, which is Direct and
Inverse Variation.
The first one is Direct Variation. In direct variation what happens. If I consider X and Y are
two parameters, Y increases then X also increases. If Y decreases then X also decreases. This
form of relationship is called Direct Relationship. That is in direct variation, one quantity
increases, the other also increases proportionately and vice versa. So, I can write it as Y is
directly proportional to X. In mathematical form, I can say Y upon X is constant.
Let us consider an example of speed, distance and time. You know that Speed is equal to
Distance upon Time. If Speed is constant so can I say Distance upon Time is also constant?
Yes, so, I can say Distant is directly proportional to Time.
Now, let us consider. A constant speed of 50 kms per hour, in order to cover 50 kms
distance, I can say the time taken will be 1 hour. If I cover 100 kms distance, then the time
taken will be 2 hours. That is if distance is multiplied by 2, then time will also be multiplied 2.
If the distance is multiplied by 4, that is to cover 200 kms distance the time taken will be 1
into 4 that is 4 hours and so on. That is, the conclusion is, if distance increases time also
increases and this form of relationship is direct relationship.
In graphical form I can consider the graph of distance verses time as it is a graph passing
through origin describing distance increases time increases. Distance decreases time
decreases.
Now, in the question, two cases will be given to you, describing the relation as direct, and
then I can relate those two cases as Y1 upon X1 is equal to Y2 upon X2. Out of these 4
parameters, 3 parameters will be given in the question and you need to find the 4th
parameter. By using this relationship I can find the 4th parameter. The practical example if I
consider, if you go to shop and if you buy a shirt which is costing Rs. 1200. Now, if you want
to buy 5 shirts you need to pay 6000. Yes, cost of 1 shirt is 1200 rupees, cost of 5 shirts will
be 6000. So, the conclusion is as the quantity increases the amount to be paid also increases.
So, I can say quantity and amount are in direct relation. That’s about direct variation. Next is
inverse variation.
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
MBA Entrance Quantitative Aptitude, Introduction to Ratio Proportion, Module 1
Hello friends, today we are going to start with the session called properties of ratio, which
comes under Introduction to Ratio and Proportion. What is ratio? Ratio I can say comparison
of quantities having similar units. For example, if I consider age of A is 12 years and age of B
is 18 years. Can I say the ratio of the age is 12 is to 18. Yes, that is the simplified form is 2:3.
2 and 3 are not actual terms there has to be a multiplying factor. Here the multiplying factor
is 6. That is 6 into 2 and 6 into 3 will give me their actual ages.
Let’s now proceed with one more example. I am considering there is a solution of milk and
water where milk is 24 litres and water is 60 litres. Can I say the ratio of 24 and 60 is 2 and
5? It means what, that the ratio of milk is to water is 2 is to 5 or the ratio water is to milk is 5
is to 2. What is fraction of milk here? Out of 2 plus 5, 7 parts, 2 parts are milk. So, I can say
the fraction of milk is 2 by 7 and the fraction of water is 5 by 7.
Now, let’s proceed. I am considering a situation that is A upon 7 is equal to B upon 5 is equal
to C upon 4. Using this relation, I need to find the relation of A, B and C. To understand this if
I consider, A has 7 parts of pizza, B has 5 parts of pizza and C has 4 parts of pizza. But each
part of A, B, C is equal. Can I say, 1/7th of A, will be equal to 1/5th of B, will be equal to 1/4th
of C, that is A is to B is to C is 7 is to 5 is to 4. To understand this, let us consider the alternate
method. The alternate method is A upon 7 is equal to B upon 5 is equal to C upon 4. So,
during equal relation you can equate them to a constant value let’s say K. So, if I consider A
upon 7 is equal to B upon 5 is equal to C upon 4 is equal to K. So, can I say A is 7K, B is 5K, C
is 4K. And hence again I can say A is to B is to C, is 7 is to 5 is to 4. Let’s consider the case as A
is to B is to C is 1 upon 7 is to 1 upon 5 is to 1 upon 4, again you need to find the ratio of
ABC, but this is also a ratio given to you. This is a fractional form given to you. You need to
convert them into an integral form. To convert them into an integral form.
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
MBA Entrance Verbal Ability, Grammar 2, Module 1
Hello, friends. Today we are going to learn about a very interesting topic in grammar known
as Subject and Verb agreement. So, before we go and see, what is subject and verb
agreement exactly, let’s see the basic rule that governs this topic. Every verb must agree
with its subject. So, we may know that in one sentence, you may have a single subject, you
may have multiple subjects. Similarly, you may have a single verb or you may have multiple
verbs. The basic rule says every verb must agree with its subject. Which means a singular
subject should have singular verb and a plural subject should have a plural verb. That means
your subject and verb have to agree in number. Now, having said this the subject would
always demand a singular verb and a plural subject would always demand a plural verb.
That’s the basic rule of governing the subject and verb agreement.
Now, let’s see, how would we convert a singular noun into a plural noun. So, to make a noun
plural we would add an ‘s’. The singular noun is ‘girl’ to make it plural we add an ‘s’ and
make it ‘girls’, simple. Similarly, in a verb to make a verb plural, we will take away the ‘s’. So,
the singular verb would say ‘he talks’, plural would then become ‘they talk’. That means the
subject adds the ‘s’ and the verb drops the ‘s’.
We should always remember or try to retain 3 irregular verbs. We all know that verb
basically conveys action or it shows action. So, we will try and retain 3 irregular verbs in both
their forms that is singular as well as plural. So, the first verb that we have is ‘do’. In the
singular form it becomes ‘he does’ and in the plural form it becomes ‘they do’. The next
word is ‘have’, so in the singular form what do you think it will become, correct, ‘he has’ and
in the plural form it becomes ‘they have’. Now we would see the ‘be’ form of the verb. The
‘be’ form will be tested on both the tenses past as well as present. So, in the present tense it
becomes ‘he is’ and in the past tense it becomes ‘she was’. Similarly, for the plural form it
becomes ‘they are’ and in the past tense it becomes ‘they were’. So, we need to remember
these 3 irregular verbs and their usage in grammar. Moving on, how do we identify a
grammatical subject in a sentence?
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
MBA Entrance Logical Reasoning and Direct Interpretation, Tables, Module 2
Hello once again, we are going to start with the second session on Tables. So let us consider this
Table Set, the primary information given here is a survey was conducted in the six departments of a
company in order to estimate the levels of satisfaction of the employees with the top management
of the company. The table below gives what percentage of employees from each department has
given what response. The responses here are Very Satisfied, Satisfied, Not Satisfied and Need to be
Changed. And the departments here are Marketing, Finance, Operations, IT, Logistics and
Productions.
So let’s start with the first question. Which response was given by the highest number of the
employees in the company? Here in this set the values given in this table are in terms of percentage.
They are not the actual numbers, and the base for this percentage is the number of employees in
that department. Since the number of employees across departments is not known to us, hence my
answer is, cannot be determined. I can manage to get the answer if there was a particular response
which was highest in terms of percentage with respect to other three responses and that particular
response was highest that is true for all the departments, then irrespective of the number of
employees, I can say that particular response should be my answer. But here that is not the case so
my answer is cannot be determined.
So let’s move out to the second question. Which department amongst the six has maximum
percentage of its employees giving ‘need to be changed’ as response? Now when I consider need to
be changed as a response the highest percentage is 43%, and which is from Logistics department. So
I can directly answer
Increase your scores by Studying with the BEST TEACHERS – Anytime and anywhere you want
