State Board Commerce (XI-XII) - Test Papers
CBSE IX Demo Science Demo Videos
Hello students, so after understanding the level of cause of disease. Let’s see the types of disease. Disease can be classified under two different ways. Based on the time for which the disease lasts and based on the cause of the disease.
Let’s understand these two types in detail.
Number one, based on the time for which the disease lasts which we have just discussed in the later modules. Diseases are of two types, acute and chronic. Acute diseases are those diseases which come and they go, very cute disease. Chronic disease those diseases which come they don’t go. They are with you for years and years and years affecting you, hurting you, making you very unhealthy. So, acute diseases are which lasts for only very short periods of time and there are no major signs, symptoms of these diseases and these diseases are called as acute disease. For example, common cold lasts for only a few days or a week. Chronic diseases aliments which can last for a long time even as much as our lifetime are called as chronic diseases. Example, elephantiasis is a very, very common disease in some parts of India, especially Kerala. It’s a very dangerous disease.
Based on the cause of the disease, again there are two types. Number one, infectious disease and number two, non-infectious disease. When I say infectious disease which means disease caused by some infectious agents that is microorganisms, it can be a bacteria, a virus, algae, fungi. A microorganism which is causing you a disease is called as infectious disease. Non-infectious disease these diseases are not caused by any infectious agent that is microorganism. It is caused due to internal, non-infectious reasons. For example, cancer, high blood pressure. Infectious disease, example influenza, amoebic dysentery. These disease require infection to affect you and you can spread this disease from one body to another. But you cannot spread these diseases because these disease are from inside they are not because of some bacteria or virus. Cancer is very dangerous disease in today’s life.
Infectious diseases which are caused by a germ, a pathogen, a microorganism, bacteria, virus, worm anything. Let’s see some common examples of these diseases. Organisms that can cause diseases are of different categories. Number one, viruses they are very dangerous and deadly. They can attack you and cause you very, very, very harmful diseases like common cold, influenza, dengue fever and the most dangerous disease of the world, AIDS, the famous HIV virus – Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome caused by human immunodeficiency virus. The next one, bacteria – typhoid, cholera, again a very bad disease, tuberculosis caused by a bacteria, micro bacterium tuberculosis, anthrax, it’s an infection. Fungi, skin infection, you get white, white dots all over your skin because of these fungal infections. Protozoans, malaria again a very common disease because of unhygienic conditions, spread by a female anopheles mosquito. Kala-azar, again a very, very, very dangerous disease because of the parasites. Worms, intestinal worm infection, Ascaris, a very dangerous worm. Sometimes they get inside your body and they cause you Ascariasis, white, white worms inside your intestines moving, eating and hurting. Elephantiasis it’s a worm, Filarial worm which enters your skin and the part it enters it gets enlarged like an elephant. It’s called elephantiasis, very common in some parts of Kerala, dangerous disease. So, these are the infectious agents which can cause you the disease.
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CBSE IX History Demo Videos
Hey, friends, this is Behram, and welcome to History and Sport: The Story of Cricket.
Friends, when you think of our fantastic country, India, which thoughts come to our mind? Somebody says India, and we think of the beautiful Taj Mahal, we think of the Father of our Nation, Bapu, Mahatma Gandhi, we think of the beautiful scenic beauty of India, the Himalayas, the south the Kanyakumari, the backwaters of Kerala. We think about mythology, the great gods, the great epics, the Mahabharat, the Ramayan.
My dear friends, we think of something amazing, we think of unity in diversity. Yes, so many cultures, so many religions, so many races, castes, creed, and guess what do we have, unity. If there is one thing, my friends, that unites the whole country, it is the wonderful game of cricket. And my dear friends, that’s what we are going to study about. Yes, my friends, I am going to take you through this amazing chapter, History and Sports: The Story of Cricket. Think about how do they feel to have the stumps knocked off, or to have the ball crossing the boundary line for a four, or maybe a huge, huge towering, six. Maybe just caught before it crosses the boundary line. If tens of millions of Indians today drop everything work, studies, everything, to watch the Indian team play a test match or a one day international, shouldn’t we as students of history explore how this game came to be so famous in India. How this game has captured the imagination of the Indian sub continent.
Yes, my friends, do you know this game began with three stumps. In fact as you can see it in that picture, only two sets of stumps. Look at the bat, my dear friends, you can see it highlighted for you. A curved bat almost like a hockey stick, do you know why? Because when this game was invented the bowlers would bowl underarm, can you see that my dear friends? Absolutely.
What is all this? This, my dear friends, is the oldest living bat in cricket history. Yes, my dear friends, it still exists.
So what are we going to do in this amazing chapter? We are going to look at the amazing history of cricket, how it evolved in England, how it was in sync with the training and athleticism of that time. From there how did it move to India. How did we Indians as a nation, adopt to this amazing game, and today how this game has transformed and the entire focus of this game has shifted from England and Australia to India and the sub continent and all the history that this game has been connected to.
My dear friends, stay tuned I will be back with this in the next module, History and Sport: The Story of Cricket.
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CBSE IX Demo Social Studies History and Sport The Story of Cricket
Bringing to you my friends, the last module of this amazing chapter, History and Sport: The Story of Cricket – Commerce, Media and Cricket, today. How beautifully, my friends, ourbooks has traced the history of cricket from its origin as a village sport in England to Victorian England to then how England spread it to the various colonies. How the colonies started playing it there and today, the cricket, the amazing sport that cricket is.
My dear friends, here we go in 1970, as I told you in the last module South Africa was excluded from international cricket. Looking at modern cricket, of course, I told you they came back. In 1971, a historic event took place. The first one day international, cricket was always a five day test match affair between various countries. The first one day international took place, England versus Australia, at that time it was 60 overs. In fact in remained 60 overs for a long time. In 1975, the first one day international world cup was played and the West Indies went on to win it. No more racial superiority.
The greatest change in cricket came in the year 1977 and it did not come from a cricketer. It came from a businessman, an Australian television tycoon by the name of Kerry Packer. Who thought let me exploit this game for professional reasons and he began to televise matches. What he did, he recruited, he signed 51 leading world cricketers from different countries, divided them into teams and staged unofficial test matches and one day internationals. At that time the ICC was dead against but eventually they joined hands and made cricket the commercial proposition it is today. For two years the World Series Cricket carried on and cricket now captured the imagination of the television viewing audience. People would sit all day, all evening to watch cricket matches. It became a hugely marketable game that began to generate high revenue. Yes, my friends, the cricket we see today is the post Packer era and now you have coloured dress, protective helmets, field restrictions, yes, you have power play overs, field restrictions. You have 20-20 and cricket mostly played under lights.
My dear friends, the Indian Cricket Board is a rich, rich cricket board selling television rights to so many channels across India, across Asia and across the world. Audiences have increased, revenue has increased, business has increased, television coverage has increased and obviously the standard of cricket, my dear friends, has increased.
Satellite television when it came in made the market for cricket go global. A match being played in Sydney could be watched for example in Surat. And now India with its population and more than that, is its cricket crazy population, people like you and I, got and became a country with the largest viewership, the largest market in global cricket. Obviously there was a shift from England and Australia to the sub-continent. India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan became major, major countries even the ICC head quarters was shifted from London to tax free Dubai.
Cricket techniques began to undergo change to counter the powerful bats and the powerful muscular batting of the Europeans. The Indians, Pakistanis, Sri Lankans, especially the Pakistanis came up with some amazing innovations, the doosra in which the ball would spin the other way, the reverse swing in which one side of the ball is roughened and the other side of the ball is kept smooth and this helped our Asian countries to counter the European’s. And believe me, it was an amazing, amazing time for the Asian countries. Of course, at first there were problems, the Britishers and the Australians did not accept the doosra, did not accept and they called it illegal. And the reverse swing too. But now it has become a part of the technique of all bowlers and it’s completely legal, completely within the laws of cricket.
Indian players have a global market. My dear friends, they are the best paid cricketers in the world. They are famous and you can say they are the best paid sportsmen. One hundred percent undoubtedly in India the gentleman or the amateur is now replaced by the paid professional, who eats, sleeps, drinks and lives only cricket. One day games and 20-20s have overshadowed the five day or the test match cricket. And it’s been a huge change in global, commerce and technology.
I hope you have enjoyed the history of the cricket from its origin to what it is today.
Thank you, my friends. God bless you all.
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CBSE IX Mathematics Demo Videos
Let us do a very, very interesting sum, the sum is.
If the work done by a body on application of a constant force is directly proportional to the distance travelled by the body. Express this in the form of an equation in two variables and draw the graph of the same by taking the constant force as 5 units. Also read from the graph the work done when the distance travelled by the body is 2 units, 0 unit. Graphical part later, first let’s form the equation. Very interesting sum, let’s go step by step. What is given, what we are supposed to find?
An equation with two variables. For that some condition is given. What is the condition given? The condition given is the work done by a body is directly proportional to the distance. Work done and distance are the two quantities. Work done and distance, assume one as x and assume one as y to form the equation, right.
So, let us assume x as the distance and y as the work done, okay. You can assume x as work done, y as distance. Choice is yours. So, let x be the distance and y be the work done. Now, what is the condition given, work done that is y, is directly proportional to the distance that x. What is the relation that we get? Y is directly proportional to x. Variation y is directly proportional x, to convert this into an equation we need to introduce a constant of variation. So, let us write this as y is equal to kx, where say K is the constant of variation. Is this thing clear? But what is the constant of variation given to us. The constant of force is given as 5 units. So, we come to a conclusion that K is equal to 5 because K is that constant. So, what is the equation that we will get? Y is equal to kx, K is a constant and k is given as 5. So, we come to a conclusion that the equation will be y is equal to 5x.
The only trigger that you get here is once you assume one as x and other as y. Otherwise, when you read the sum and only keep on trying to understand it, you will never be able to form these equations. So, the first thing you do is assume one quantity as x, the other as y. Then it is given directly proportional, so you directly write y as directly proportional to x. Introduce a constant that is K, so y is equal to kx. K is 5, so y is equal to 5x, as simple as that.
Now, let’s form the graph, let’s draw the graph of this. To draw the graph we need to form the table with x, y, (x,y). Now assume the value of that variable which is there in the right hand side. We have got x in the right hand side. Any three values of x. Say x is 0, 1 and minus 1 or 2, whatever is fine. Now, let’s substitute the values of x to find the values of y. So, when x is equal to zero, we get y is equal to 5 into zero. We get y is equal to zero. The point is 0, 0. When x is equal to 1, you get y is equal to 5 into 1. You get y is equal to 5. You get the point as 1, 5. When x is equal to minus 1, y is equal to 5 into minus 1, y is equal to minus 5. So, the point is minus 1, minus 5.
Now, let’s plot these points on the graph paper. No need to show the calculations, right. Let’s do it. The scale, the normal scale 1 cm is equal to 1 unit. The first point is 0, 0 that is the origin. The second point is 1, 5 in the first quadrant and the third is minus 1, minus 5 which will be in the third quadrant. First quadrant 1, 5, origin 0, 0 and minus 1, minus 5 is the third quadrant, right.
Now, you can see that all the points are collinear. So, you can always draw a straight line passing through them. Now, interesting what does x represent, the distance, what does y represent, the work done? X is the distance, y is the work done. So, all the x coordinates represent the distance. Y coordinates represent the work done, right. Also read from the graph the work done, the work done that means you are suppose to find y. When the distance travelled by the body is 2 units and 0 units. When the distance is 2 and 0. Distance is 2 and 0, so, can we say x is 2 and 0 because x is the distance. So, x is 2, x is 0. You are suppose to find y. You can directly substitute in the equation but then here it is given from the graph. So, from the graph how do we do it? Let’s see, after you write the equation, let’s see how you do it from the graph. The distance is 2 and the distance is 0. So, for the distance travelled 2 units draw a line perpendicular from there, right. So, what do we get, right, from 2 you take to that line and from there you put it to 10, you get work done as 10 units, clear. Similarly for the distance travelled zero, the work done is also zero. So, the work done is also zero units. Hope you understood? From 2 you took a perpendicular to the line and from there on the y axis, from 2 on the x axis because the distance is 2 to the line from that point to y again a perpendicular wherever it intersects 10 units, is the answer for the first one. And second distance is zero, work is zero. That goes without saying, right, very, very simple.
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CBSE IX SA-2 Demo English Demo Videos
Welcome back, kids.
And what have we seen the salt cellars, the silver salt cellars have been sold.
And sir, why were they sold?
By whom they were sold? Let’s find out.
A lot of questions.
Let us find out. Let’s find out. We are on module 2 of the Bishop’s Candlesticks and the main answers.
“Monseigneur, the Bishop told me this afternoon, while you were out, to take them to Monseigneur Gervais, who has often admired them and sell them for as much as I could.”
“But you had no right to do so without asking me.”
So, now what we have seen, kids, the Bishop had told the maid to sell them off. Okay, now we have one answer to our question.
“But, madam, Monseigneur the Bishop told me.”
“Monseigneur the Bishop is a-ahem. But, but what can he have wanted with the money. Why should the Bishop, a priest, need money.”
A very valid question. Let’s see what she says.
“Pardon, madam, but I think it was for Mere Gringoire.”
“Mere Gringoire indeed, Mere Gringoire. What, the old witch who lives at the top of the hill and who says she is bedridden and because she is too lazy to do any work.”
She is really very angry.
“And what did the Mere Gringoire want with the money, pray?”
Please, tell me why did she need money? And now she says.
“Madam, it was for the rent. Ohhh. The bailiff would not wait any longer and threatened to turn her out today if it were not paid. So, she sent little Jean to Monseigneur to ask for help and…”
Well, first, bailiff an officer of the court. Jean, name of a child here.
Absolutely and before she could continue Persome cut her short.
“Oh, mon Dieu, it is hopeless, hopeless. We shall have nothing left. His estate is sold, his savings have gone, his furniture, everything.”
She is really angry.
“Were it not for my little dot we should starve. And now my beautiful, beautiful salt cellars. Ah, it is too much, too much.”
Dot is dowry. Well sir, very good acting by the way, I enjoyed that bit. Now, she breaks down crying just like sir is doing. And now, here the maid says.
“Madam, I am sorry, if I had known.”
“Sorry and why pray? If Monseigneur the Bishop chooses to sell his salt cellars, he may do so, I suppose. Go and wash your hands, they are disgracefully dirty.”
She is still upset. Well she has a valid reason. Her belonging are being sold by her brother. And here the maid is…
“Yes, madam.”
She is back to yes madam, no madam.
And she goes away.
And look who is entering.
The Bishop.
The main character in this amazing drama has just entered.
Please welcome him kids.
What is Persome going to tell him? She is pretty upset. Wait and watch my friends we are with The Bishop’s Candlesticks by Norman Mckinnell.
Right we will be back.
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CBSE X Sanskrit Demo Videos
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